RabbitMq基础教程之安装与测试

Installing on Mac

I. 安装

brew install rabbitmq

## 进入安装目录
cd /usr/local/Cellar/rabbitmq/3.7.5

# 启动
brew services start rabbitmq
# 当前窗口启动
rabbitmq-server

启动控制台之前需要先开启插件

./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

进入控制台: http://localhost:15672/

用户名和密码：guest,guest

II. 配置与测试

1. 添加账号

首先是得启动mq

## 添加账号
./rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin
## 添加访问权限
./rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" admin ".*" ".*" ".*"
## 设置超级权限
./rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator

2. 编码实测

pom引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

开始写代码

public class RabbitMqTest {

    //消息队列名称
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "hello";

    @Test
    public void send() throws java.io.IOException, TimeoutException {

        //创建连接工程
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setUsername("admin");
        factory.setPassword("admin");
        //创建连接
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        //创建消息通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //生成一个消息队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);


        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            String message = "Hello World RabbitMQ count: " + i;

            //发布消息，第一个参数表示路由（Exchange名称），未""则表示使用默认消息路由
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());

            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        }


        //关闭消息通道和连接
        channel.close();
        connection.close();

    }


    @Test
    public void consumer() throws java.io.IOException, java.lang.InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

        //创建连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setUsername("admin");
        factory.setPassword("admin");

        //创建连接
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        //创建消息信道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //消息队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
        System.out.println("[*] Waiting for message. To exist press CTRL+C");

        AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0);

        //消费者用于获取消息信道绑定的消息队列中的信息
        Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");

                try {
                    System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message);
                } finally {
                    System.out.println(" [x] Done");
                    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
                }
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);

        Thread.sleep(1000 * 60);
    }
}

需要注意的一点是：

• 生产消息: channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
• 消费消息: channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
• 生产和消费都声明channel，要求两者的配置参数一致，否则无法消费数据

3. 输出说明

首先执行塞入数据，执行完毕之后，可以到控制台进行查看:

out

可以看到多出了一个Queue，对列名为hello，总共有10条数据

---

接下来就是消费数据了，执行consumer方法，输出日志

[*] Waiting for message. To exist press CTRL+C
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 0
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 1
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 2
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 3
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 4
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 5
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 6
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 7
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 8
 [x] Done
 [x] Received 'Hello World RabbitMQ count: 9
 [x] Done

回头去查看queue，发现总得数据量为0了

4. ACK问题

对于ack的问题，如果在消费数据的时候，出现异常，而我不希望数据丢失，这个时候就需要考虑手动ack的机制来保证了

首先需要设置手动ack

// 设置autoAck为false
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);

其次在消费数据完毕之后，主动ack/nack

if (success) {
    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
} else {
    channel.basicNack(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false, false);
}

III. 其他

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